Constantin the Great birth city Naissus today Nis

Positioned along the ancient Via Militaris route on the banks of the Nišava River, Niš has been a significant urban center since Roman times, particularly noted for being the birthplace of the great Emperor Constantine. This one-day excursion will focus on Niš’s history from the Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman periods but also offer an intimate glimpse of the city’s vibrant life today.

Our tour starts bright and early at 07:30 from the parking lot in front of the Museum of Yugoslavia. A comfortable drive down the motorway leads us to Niš, with a brief pause along the way. Upon arrival, our exploration kicks off at King Milan Square, named after the Serbian king who endowed Niš with particular attention, aspiring to elevate it to the status of a secondary capital. This square not only serves as a pivotal point of local pride but also anchors us to the heart of the city’s historical narrative.

From the busy square, we proceed to Niš Fortress, a stunning citadel that encapsulates the succession of empires that have ruled here. Built upon the remnants of ancient, Byzantine, and medieval fortresses, the current fortification stands as a prominent and well-preserved monument in the Balkans. It’s here that Stefan Nemanja, the grand prince, hosted Frederick Barbarossa, marking a significant historical alliance. Inside the fortress, we’ll explore the vestiges of a Roman street, ancient stelae, and a well-preserved Turkish mosque, each narrating their segment of Niš’s past.

Next, we will past the Morava Banovina building and the Monument to the Liberators of Niš, reaching the pedestrian zone at the city’s core. Here lies the National Museum of Niš, housing an extensive collection of ancient archaeological artifacts that unveil the richness of the region’s Roman heritage. Our walk continues along Obrenović Street to the renowned Kazandžijsko Sokače, a picturesque alley brimming with quaint cafes and traditional restaurants that invite visitors to experience the local hospitality.

The journey then takes us to Mediana, an archaeological site on the outskirts of Niš. This area was once the luxurious residence of Emperor Constantine, adorned with intricate mosaics and elegant porticoes. As we wander through the ruins, imagine the daily life and grandeur of a Roman emperor’s court, providing a vivid picture of ancient luxury and imperial power.

Our next stop is Ćele Kula (Skull Tower), a chilling but poignant reminder of the Serbian struggle for independence. Constructed from the skulls of fallen Serbian rebels during the First Serbian Uprising, this site encapsulates the fierce resistance and tragic sacrifice in the fight against Ottoman rule. The chapel that houses the remnants of the tower today offers a solemn space to reflect on the costs of freedom.

As the day winds down, we return to the center of Niš for some free time. Enjoy a leisurely lunch, sample some of Niš’s famous culinary delights, or simply relax and soak in the ambiance of this historic city. Our tour concludes with a drive back to Belgrade, arriving in the late evening, full of new memories and a deeper appreciation of Serbia’s rich historical landscape. Join us to uncover the enduring legacy and vibrant spirit of Niš—a city that truly embodies the crossroads of empires.